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Review of Case Materials
Reviews records, documents, testimony, data, and other relevant materials and consults with counsel regarding technical issues related to the matter.
Provide Expert Analysis
Applies specialized knowledge and experience to evaluate the technical or professional issues involved.
Form Expert Opinions
Develops independent, supportable opinions based on the available evidence and relevant standards.
Prepare Expert Reports
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A suitably qualified ice-skating expert can examine the ice surface, rink layout, boards and barriers, entrances and exits to the ice, skater traffic, session type, maintenance and resurfacing records, photographs, video, inspection information, and conditions documented before and after an incident. The analysis may also consider whether the rink was being used for public skating, lessons, figure skating, hockey, or another activity because the operating circumstances can differ substantially. Ice Sports Industry's public-skating guidance addresses management and supervision specifically for ice-arena owners and operators, illustrating that public-skating sessions have their own operational and supervision considerations. That publication is industry guidance, not automatically controlling law or a universal standard of care.
Resurfacing and maintenance records can help document when the ice was last serviced, whether surface irregularities had been reported, what maintenance occurred, and the skating activity documented before an incident. Relevant evidence may include resurfacer logs, ice-maintenance schedules, temperature or facility records where appropriate, photographs, complaints, work orders, and video showing the surface. Ice Sports Industry describes its Certified Arena Operator track as focusing on physical arena operation, technology, and maintenance skills. Detailed questions about refrigeration machinery, refrigerants, piping, controls, or the mechanical cause of inadequate ice conditions may instead require specialized refrigeration-system or mechanical-engineering expertise.
A suitably qualified ice-skating expert may review staffing levels, skater-monitoring practices, rink rules, traffic direction, session attendance, employee positioning, announcements, warnings, restricted activities, incident response, and surveillance video. Ice Sports Industry's Guide to Public Skating Management & Supervision was developed specifically for arena owners and operators and addresses management of public skating sessions. Whether particular staffing or supervision practices were required in a case depends on the facility, activity, governing policies, jurisdiction, and evidence. Industry recommendations should therefore be used as professional context rather than automatically characterized as legal requirements.
Prepares clear, well-supported expert reports outlining methodology, analysis, findings, and opinions.
Provide Deposition Testimony
Explains findings and opinions under oath and responds to questioning during deposition testimony.
Testify in Court
Presents specialized findings and opinions clearly to judges, juries, arbitrators, or other decision-makers.
The appropriate materials depend on the type of skating and facility. Relevant sources can include rink policies, governing-body rules, event requirements, manufacturer documentation, industry guidance, contracts, and regulations applicable on the incident date. Care is required when citing older ASTM material. ASTM's F2442-07, Standard Guide for Layout of Ice Arena, was withdrawn in 2016, and F1703-13, Standard Guide for Skating and Ice Hockey Playing Facilities, was withdrawn in 2022. They should not be described as current ASTM standards. For sanctioned figure skating, U.S. Figure Skating maintains current rules and event requirements. Its current rule resources show that competition rules and requirements are updated by season, while its 2025-26 qualifying rules specify ice-surface dimensions for qualifying competitions. These requirements should be used only when they actually apply to the event under review.
Useful materials may include surveillance and spectator video, photographs, rink diagrams, public-session or event schedules, attendance information, staffing records, rink rules, warning signs, ice-maintenance and resurfacing records, work orders, inspection records, incident reports, witness statements, skate-rental records when relevant, emergency-response records, and communications concerning prior surface or facility conditions. Where the condition of the ice or a physical rink feature is disputed, photographs and video taken before subsequent resurfacing, repair, or alteration can be particularly important.
